Did you know that 85% of cats age three and older develop dental disease? Yet only 11% of cat owners brush their feline friend’s teeth at least once a week. If you’ve been avoiding this essential part of cat care, you’re not alone—but your cat’s health may be suffering as a result.
Welcome to your comprehensive guide on cat dental care, focusing on the why, when, and how of brushing your cat’s teeth. Whether you’re a new cat parent or have been sharing your home with feline friends for years, this article will help you establish a dental care routine that keeps your cat’s teeth healthy and their breath fresh.
Why Brushing Your Cat’s Teeth Matters
Your cat’s dental health affects their overall wellbeing more than you might realize. Without proper care, plaque builds up on their teeth, hardens into tartar, and leads to gingivitis (gum inflammation), periodontal disease, and potentially tooth loss.
Poor dental health doesn’t just mean bad breath—it can contribute to serious health issues affecting your cat’s heart, kidneys, and liver. Bacteria from infected gums can enter the bloodstream and damage these vital organs.
The good news? Regular brushing can prevent most dental problems. Just a few minutes of dental care several times a week can save your cat from pain and discomfort while potentially saving you hundreds or even thousands in veterinary bills.
Signs Your Cat May Have Dental Problems
Before we dive into brushing techniques, it’s important to recognize when your cat might already be experiencing dental issues:
- Bad breath (beyond normal “cat breath”)
- Drooling or pawing at the mouth
- Red, swollen gums
- Yellow-brown tartar on teeth
- Decreased appetite or difficulty eating
- Weight loss
- Behavioral changes
If you notice any of these signs, schedule a veterinary visit before beginning a home dental care routine. Your cat might need professional cleaning first.
What You’ll Need for Brushing Your Cat’s Teeth
Gathering the right supplies makes the process easier for both you and your cat:
- Cat-specific toothpaste – Never use human toothpaste, as it contains ingredients toxic to cats. Cat toothpaste comes in feline-friendly flavors like chicken or malt.
- Cat toothbrush – Options include:
- Finger brushes that slip over your fingertip
- Small cat-specific toothbrushes
- Gauze wrapped around your finger (for beginners)
- Patience and treats – Perhaps the most important supplies of all!
Step-by-Step Guide to Brushing Your Cat’s Teeth
Phase 1: The Introduction Period (1-2 weeks)
Rushing into brushing will likely result in resistance. Instead, follow this gradual introduction:
- Get your cat comfortable with face handling
- During regular petting sessions, briefly touch around your cat’s face and mouth
- Offer praise and treats for calm behavior
- Gradually increase the duration of face touching over several days
- Introduce the toothpaste
- Let your cat sniff and lick a small amount from your finger
- Most cat toothpastes are flavored to be appealing
- Do this daily for 3-4 days before moving to the next step
- Introduce the brushing tool
- Let your cat investigate the toothbrush or finger brush
- Place a small amount of toothpaste on it and allow your cat to lick it
- Practice touching the brush to your cat’s lips without attempting to brush
Phase 2: Beginning to Brush (Week 3 and beyond)
- Find a comfortable position
- Choose a quiet time when your cat is relaxed
- Position your cat on your lap or on a stable surface
- Some cats prefer to be wrapped gently in a towel to feel secure
- Start small
- Lift your cat’s lip and briefly touch the brush to the outer surface of one or two teeth
- Focus on the canines or front teeth initially
- Keep sessions under 30 seconds at first
- Always reward with praise and treats
- Gradually expand
- Over several sessions, slowly increase the number of teeth you brush
- Work toward brushing the outer surfaces of all teeth, especially the molars where plaque accumulates most
- Aim for 15-30 seconds per side of the mouth
The Correct Brushing Technique
When brushing your cat’s teeth, technique matters:
- Hold the brush at a 45-degree angle to the gumline
- Use gentle, circular motions
- Focus primarily on the outer tooth surfaces where plaque builds up
- Brush from gum to tip of tooth
- Be especially thorough with the back teeth and canines
Pro tip: Many cats tolerate brushing better if you approach from the side rather than head-on.
Common Challenges and Solutions
| Challenge | Solution |
|---|---|
| Cat runs away at sight of toothbrush | Return to the introduction phase; try a different type of brush or different-flavored toothpaste |
| Cat bites the toothbrush | Use a finger brush or gauze initially; keep sessions very short |
| Cat becomes aggressive | Stop immediately; consult your veterinarian for alternatives |
| Cat hides when it’s brushing time | Change your approach pattern; don’t establish predictable “it’s brushing time” cues |
| Excessive drooling during brushing | Normal for some cats; have a towel handy |
Remember that patience is key. Some cats may take months to fully accept teeth brushing. The goal is to make it a positive experience, not a battle.
How Often Should You Brush Your Cat’s Teeth?
Ideally, you should brush your cat’s teeth daily, just as you brush your own. However, even brushing 2-3 times per week can significantly reduce plaque buildup and help prevent dental disease. Consistency is more important than frequency—regular shorter sessions are better than occasional lengthy ones.
If your schedule makes regular brushing difficult, aim for at least twice weekly, focusing on the outer surfaces of the back teeth where plaque tends to accumulate most.
Beyond Brushing: Complete Cat Dental Care
While brushing is the gold standard for home dental care, it’s part of a comprehensive approach:
Dental Treats and Toys
Special dental treats and toys can help reduce plaque buildup between brushings. Look for products with the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) seal of approval, which indicates they’ve been proven effective in reducing tartar or plaque.
Dental Diets
Some commercially available cat foods are formulated specifically to reduce plaque and tartar. These work through specially designed kibble texture or ingredients that help clean teeth during chewing.
Water Additives
Dental water additives can be added to your cat’s drinking water to help reduce bacteria and freshen breath. While not as effective as brushing, they can be a helpful supplement, especially for cats resistant to having their teeth brushed.
Professional Cleaning
Even with excellent home care, most cats benefit from professional dental cleanings by a veterinarian every 1-2 years. These cleanings address tartar that has built up below the gumline, where brushing can’t reach.
The Connection Between Dental Care and Overall Health
Your cat’s mouth is connected to the rest of their body in more ways than one. Poor dental health has been linked to:
- Heart valve infections
- Kidney disease
- Liver problems
- Chronic pain and decreased quality of life
By maintaining your cat’s dental health, you’re supporting their overall wellbeing. This is especially important as cats age and become more susceptible to dental issues. Monitoring your cat’s behavior in conjunction with dental care can help you spot problems early.
Special Considerations for Different Cats
Kittens and Young Cats
Starting dental care early is ideal. Kittens and young cats typically have healthier mouths and are more adaptable to new routines. Begin handling your kitten’s mouth gently during regular petting sessions to normalize the experience.
Senior Cats
Older cats often have more dental issues but may be less tolerant of new routines. If your senior cat has never had their teeth brushed, be especially patient and consider consulting with your vet about the best approach.
Cats with Existing Dental Problems
If your cat already has dental disease, brushing may be uncomfortable or even painful. Consult your veterinarian before beginning a home dental care routine. Your cat may need professional cleaning or tooth extractions before home care can be effective.
What to Avoid in Cat Dental Care
While caring for your cat’s teeth, avoid these common mistakes:
- Human toothpaste – Contains fluoride and other ingredients toxic to cats
- Aggressive restraint – Can create negative associations with dental care
- Hard brushing – Can damage sensitive gums
- Rushing the process – Patience is essential for success
- Ignoring signs of pain – If your cat shows discomfort, stop and consult your vet
Just as we pointed out in 12 Human Foods Your Cat Should Never Eat, what’s safe for humans isn’t always safe for cats. This applies to dental products as well as food.
FAQ About Cat Dental Care
Q: At what age should I start brushing my cat’s teeth?
A: Ideally, start when they’re kittens, but cats of any age can learn to accept tooth brushing with patience and positive reinforcement.
Q: My cat absolutely refuses to have their teeth brushed. What now?
A: Try dental treats, water additives, or dental diets. Consult your veterinarian about alternatives and schedule regular professional cleanings.
Q: How do I know if the dental products I’m using are effective?
A: Look for products with the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) seal of approval. These have been tested and proven effective.
Q: How often does my cat need professional dental cleaning?
A: Most cats benefit from professional cleaning every 1-2 years, but your veterinarian can provide specific recommendations based on your cat’s individual needs.
Q: Do cats really need dental care if they’re indoor-only?
A: Absolutely. A cat’s indoor/outdoor status doesn’t affect their susceptibility to dental disease.
Q: Will brushing my cat’s teeth actually make a difference?
A: Yes! Regular brushing can reduce plaque significantly and decrease the risk of dental disease.
Conclusion: A Small Effort for Big Health Benefits
Brushing your cat’s teeth might seem like an unnecessary or even impossible task at first, but the health benefits far outweigh the challenges. With patience, consistency, and the right approach, most cats can learn to accept—and some even enjoy—regular dental care.
By incorporating dental care into your cat’s routine, you’re not just preventing bad breath; you’re contributing to their overall health and potentially adding years to their life. And isn’t that worth a few minutes of your time several times a week?
Remember that dental care is just one component of responsible pet ownership. When you’re planning your cat care schedule, include dental care alongside other important routines like clean your cat’s food & water bowls to ensure your feline friend stays healthy and happy for years to come.
Looking for more? Explore our Cat Health section for more tips like this, visit the Blog for fun and insightful reads, or browse our full Cat Category for everything feline-related—from care to comfort.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not substitute for professional veterinary advice. Always consult your veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment tailored to your cat’s individual needs.
References
- Moosavian, H., Gholikhani, M., Tamai, I.A. et al. (2024). Moderate to advanced periodontitis contributes to increased oxidative stress in cats: a case-control study. BMC Vet Res 20, 248. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04110-y
- O’Neill DG, Blenkarn A, Brodbelt DC, Church DB, Freeman A. (2023). Periodontal disease in cats under primary veterinary care in the UK: frequency and risk factors. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 25(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X231158154
- Dental Disease in Cats. https://icatcare.org/articles/dental-disease-in-cats
- Feline Dental Disease. https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/feline-dental-disease
- Most (95%) Pet Owners Brush Their Own Teeth Daily, But Few Brush Their Dog’s (8%) or Cat’s (4%) Teeth on a Daily Basis. https://www.ipsos.com/en-ca/news-polls/most-95-pet-owners-brush-their-own-teeth-daily-few-brush-their-dogs-8-or-cats-4-teeth-daily-basis
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